froearm vizniak

Test your knowledge:
Click “Test all” or the column name to cover up all responses or just the selected column. Click “Random” to randomly cover up responses. Click “Reveal Answers” to show the responses. Click a square to reveal or hide the response below.

Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nerve
Superficial layer
pronator teresEW AN Pronator Teres 001 humeral head: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna lateral radius at middle of shaft (pronator tuberosity) pronation of forearm; flexion of elbow (weak action) median nerve (C6, C7)
flexor carpi radialisEW AN Flexor Carpi Radialis medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals flexion of hand at wrist; radially deviation (abduction) of wrist; flexion & pronate of forearm (weak action) median nerve (C6, C7)
palmaris longusEW AN Palmaris Longus 001 medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis flexion of hand at wrist median nerve (C7,C8)
flexor carpi ulnarisEW AN Flexor Carpi Ulnaris humeral head: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon; ulnar head: medial aspect of olecranon & proximal 2/3 of posterior ulna pisiform & hamate bones (via pisohamate ligament); base of 5th metacarpal (via pisometacarpal ligament) flexion of hand at wrist; ulnar deviation (adduction) of wrist; elbow flexion (weak action); stabilizes wrist to permit powerful thumb motion ulnar nerve (C7, C8)
brachioradialisEW AN Brachioradalis lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus styloid process of radius (lateral side) flexion of forearm (at elbow); pronation of forearm when supinated; supination of forearm when pronated radial nerve (C5, C6)
Intermediate layer
flexor digitorum superficialisEW AN Flexor Digitorum Superficialis humeral-ulnar head: medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon & coronoid process of ulna; medial (ulnar) collateral ligament radial head: oblique line of radius along its upper anterior boarder base of middle phalanges of fingers #2-5 (tendon split at insertion) flexion of fingers #2-5 (at PIP & MCP); flexion of wrist& hand; flexion of elbow (weak action) median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
Deep layer
flexor digitorum profundusEW AN Flexor Digitorum Profundus anterior & medial surface of ulna (proximal 1/2) & interosseous membrane base of distal phalange of fingers #2-5 flexion of fingers (at DIP, PIP & MCP joints); flexion of wrist median nerve (C8,T1) (radial 1/2 of muscle); ulnar nerve (C8, T1) (ulnar 1/2 of muscle)
flexor pollicis longusEW AN Flexor Pollicis Longus radius (middle anterior surface) & interosseous membrane (may also originate from lateral boarder of coronoid process or medial epicondyle) base of distal phalanx of thumb (anterior aspect) flexion of thumb (IP, CMC, MCP joints); flexion of hand at wrist median nerve (C7, C8)
supinatorEW AN Supinator 001 lateral epicondyle of humerus & supinator crest of ulna proximal 1/3 of radius supination of forearm (at proximal radioulnar joint) radial nerve (C6, C7)
pronator quadratusEW AN Pronator Quadratus 001 anterior distal ulna (distal 1/4) anterior distal radius (distal 1/4) pronation of forearm median nerve (C7, C8)
 
Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nerve
Superficial layer
anconeusEW AN Anconeus lateral epicondyle of humerus posterior ulna (lateral olecranon extending to lateral part of ulna) extension of forearm at elbow; supports elbow when in full extension radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
brachioradialisbrachioradialis upper lateral supracondylar ridge Base of the styloid process of radius flexion of forearm at elbow; supination of a pronated forearm to neutral; pronation of a supinated forearm to neutral radial nerve (C5, C6)
extensor carpi radialis longusEW AN Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus lower lateral supracondylar ridge (below brachioradialis) base of 2nd metacarpal extension of hand at wrist; radially deviation (abduction) of hand at wrist; flexion & supination of forearm at elbow (weak action) radial nerve (C5, C6)
extensor carpi radialis brevisEW AN Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis lateral epicondyle via common extensor tendon base of 3rd metacarpal extension of hand at wrist; radial deviation (abduction) of hand at wrist; flexion of forearm at elbow joint (weak action) radial nerve (C7, C8)
extensor digitorumEW AN Extensor Digitorum lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon) phalanges #2-5 (dorsal expansion hood) extension of fingers #2-5 (at MCP, PIP & DIP joints); extension of hand at wrist; extension of forearm at elbow (weak) radial nerve (C7, C8)
extensor digiti minimiEW AN Extensor Digiti Minimi lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon) middle & distal phalanges of 5th digit (extensor expansion) extension of little finger (5th digit); extension of hand at wrist; extension of elbow (weak action) radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
extensor carpi ulnarisEW AN Extensor Carpi Ulnaris humeral head: lateral epicondyle (via common extensor tendon); ulnar head: posterior shaft of ulna base of 5th metacarpal (posterior side) ulnar deviation of hand at wrist; extension of hand at wrist; extension of forearm at elbow (weak action) radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
Deep Layer
abductor pollicis longusEW AN Abductor Pollicis Longus posterior surfaces of ulna, radius & interosseous membrane (middle 1/3 of forearm) base of 1st metacarpal (lateral side) abduction of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint; radially deviation (abduction) hand at wrist; assists with extension & rotation of thumb; assists with flexion & supination of hand at wrist radial nerve (C7, C8)
extensor pollicis brevisEW AN Extensor Pollicis Brevis posterior distal 1/3 surfaces of radius & interosseous membrane base of proximal phalanx of thumb extension of proximal phalanx & 1st metacarpal of thumb; radially deviation (abduction) of hand at wrist radial nerve (C7, C8)
extensor pollicis longusEW AN Extensor Pollicis Longus posterior middle 1/3 of ulna & interosseous membrane distal phalanx of thumb extension of thumb (at CMC, MCP, IP joints); assists in extension & radial deviation (abduction) of hand at wrist radial nerve (C7, C8)
extensor indicisEW AN Extensor Indicus posterior distal 1/3 of ulna & interosseous membrane base of middle & distal phalanx of index finger (via extensor expansion & extensor digitorum muscle tendon) extension of index finger (at MCP, PIP & DIP joints); extension of hand at wrist; adduction of index finger (weak) radial nerve (C7, C8)
 
Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nerve
Superficial Palmar Fascia
palmaris brevisEW AN Palmaris Brevis flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis skin of ulnar border of palm tenses skin on ulnar side (used in a grip action) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Thenar Eminence
abductor pollicis brevisEW AN Abductor Pollicis Brevis tubercles of scaphoid & trapezium (also flexor retinaculum) base of proximal phalanx of thumb (lateral side) abduction of thumb (at CMC joint) median nerve (C8, T1)
flexor pollicis brevisEW AN Flexor Pollicis Brevis trapezium & flexor retinaculum base of proximal phalanx of thumb (lateral side) flexion of thumb (at MCP joint) median & ulnar nerves (C8, T1)
opponens pollicisEW AN Opponens Pollicis flexor retinaculum & trapezium 1st metacarpal (anterior lateral border) opposition of thumb to fingers median nerve (C8, T1)
Hypothenar Eminence
abductor digiti minimi (hand)EW AN Abductor Digiti Minimi pisiform & tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris base of proximal phalanx of little finger (ulnar side) abduction of little finger (at CMC & MCP) ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
flexor digiti minimi (hand)EW AN Flexor Digiti Minimi flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate base of proximal phalanx of little finger (ulnar side) flexion of little finger (at MCP joint) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
opponens digiti minimiEW AN Opponens Digiti Minimi flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate 5th metacarpal (anterior & medial surface) opposition of little finger ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Central Compartment of Hand
adductor pollicisEW AN Adductor Pollicis oblique head: base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals & capitate; transverse head: 3rd metacarpal (distal anterior 2/3) base of proximal phalanx of thumb (medial side) adduction of thumb (CMC joint); flexion of thumb (MCP joint) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
lumbricals (hand)EW AN Lumbricals distal tendons of flexor digitorum profundus; #1 & #2 have a single head of origin (from radial aspect of tendon); #3 & #4 have two heads of origin (each head from an adjacent tendon) extensor expansion hood of digits 2-5 flexion fingers (MCP joints); extension of fingers (PIPs & DIP) 1 & 2 - median nerve (C8, T1); 3 & 4 - ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
palmar interosseiEW AN Palmar Interossei metacarpals #2, #4 & #5 base of proximal phalanx of digit #2, #4, #5 & extensor hood of same digit(s) adduction of fingers (hint: PAD); flexion of fingers (at MCP while IP joints are extended) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
dorsal interossei (hand)EW AN Dorsal Interossei between each metacarpal base of proximal phalanx of fingers #2, #3, #4 & extensor hood of same digit(s) abduction of fingers (hint: DAB); flexion of fingers (MCP while IP joints are extended) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
(c)Dr. Nikita Vizniak. All Rights ReservedIn order to use these tables as a learning tool, you will need to have JavaScript enabled.

These muscle tables are often slightly different than those found in the muscle manual and other texts to allow students learning to realize there are subtle differences in anatomical variation and nomenclature ultimate allowing you to be more aware of real life presentation – after 15 years and over 400 cadaver dissections this author is always amazed at the differences found in the human body every time we are in the cadaver lab – all text books and videos are only accurate to a point!

This website uses cookies 🍪

By accepting and continuing to use this website, you accept the use of cookies to optimize your experience.