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Muscle Origin Insertion Action Nerve
Superficial Palmar Fascia
palmaris brevis flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis skin of ulnar border of palm tenses skin on ulnar side (used in a grip action) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Thenar Eminence
abductor pollicis brevis tubercles of scaphoid & trapezium (also flexor retinaculum) base of proximal phalanx of thumb (lateral side) abduction of thumb (at CMC joint) median nerve (C8, T1)
flexor pollicis brevis trapezium & flexor retinaculum base of proximal phalanx of thumb (lateral side) flexion of thumb (at MCP joint) median & ulnar nerves (C8, T1)
opponens pollicis flexor retinaculum & trapezium 1st metacarpal (anterior lateral border) opposition of thumb to fingers median nerve (C8, T1)
Hypothenar Eminence
abductor digiti minimi (hand) pisiform & tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris base of proximal phalanx of little finger (ulnar side) abduction of little finger (at CMC & MCP) ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
flexor digiti minimi (hand) flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate base of proximal phalanx of little finger (ulnar side) flexion of little finger (at MCP joint) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
opponens digiti minimi flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate 5th metacarpal (anterior & medial surface) opposition of little finger ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Central Compartment of Hand
adductor pollicis oblique head: base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals & capitate; transverse head: 3rd metacarpal (distal anterior 2/3) base of proximal phalanx of thumb (medial side) adduction of thumb (CMC joint); flexion of thumb (MCP joint) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
lumbricals (hand) distal tendons of flexor digitorum profundus; #1 & #2 have a single head of origin (from radial aspect of tendon); #3 & #4 have two heads of origin (each head from an adjacent tendon) extensor expansion hood of digits 2-5 flexion fingers (MCP joints); extension of fingers (PIPs & DIP) 1 & 2 – median nerve (C8, T1); 3 & 4 – ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
palmar interossei metacarpals #2, #4 & #5 base of proximal phalanx of digit #2, #4, #5 & extensor hood of same digit(s) adduction of fingers (hint: PAD); flexion of fingers (at MCP while IP joints are extended) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
dorsal interossei (hand) between each metacarpal base of proximal phalanx of fingers #2, #3, #4 & extensor hood of same digit(s) abduction of fingers (hint: DAB); flexion of fingers (MCP while IP joints are extended) ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

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