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external occipital protuberance (EOP); medial side of superior nuchal line; nuchal ligament; SPs of C7-T12
lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula
stabilization of scapula; elevation scapula; upward rotation of scapula (upper fibers); downward rotation of scapula (lower fibers); retraction (adduction) of scapula; lateral flexion of head (unilateral); extension of head (bilateral)
external occipital protuberance (EOP); medial side of superior nuchal line; nuchal ligament; SPs of C7-T12
lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula
stabilization of scapula; elevation scapula; upward rotation of scapula (upper fibers); downward rotation of scapula (lower fibers); retraction (adduction) of scapula; lateral flexion of head (unilateral); extension of head (bilateral)
lumborum: medial iliac crest & sacrum
thoracis: angle of ribs 7-12
cervicis: angle of ribs 3-6
lumborum: angle of ribs 7-12
thoracis: angle of ribs 1-6
cervicis: TPs of C3-C6
bilateral: extension of the spine (maintenance of erect posture); unilateral: lateral flexion & rotation to same side of the spine & head; opposite muscles contract eccentrically for stabilization
thoracis: iliac crest, posterior sacrum, TPs L1-L5
cervicis: TPs of T1-T5
capitis: TPs & articular processes of C5-C7 & TPs of T1-T4
thoracis: TPs of T1-12 & ribs 4-12 (medial to tubercle)
cervicis: TPs & posterior tubercles of C2-C6
capitis: temporal bone (mastoid process)
bilateral: extension of the spine & head (maintenance of erect posture); unilateral: lateral flexion & rotation to same side of the spine & head; opposite muscles contract eccentrically for stabilization
thoracis: SPs T11-L2
cervicis: SP of C7 & inferior nuchal ligament
capitis: TPs of C7-T6 & articular process of C4-C6 (medial part of semispinalis)
thoracis: SPs of T4-T8
cervicis: SP of C2
capitis: occipital bone (considered to be the medial part of semispinalis)
bilateral: extension of the spine & head (maintenance of erect posture); unilateral: lateral flexion & rotation to same side of the spine & head; opposite muscles contract eccentrically for stabilization
lumbar: mamillary processes of L1-L5 (not TPs)
thoracic: TP of T1-T12
cervical: articular processes of C4-C7 (not TPs)
SPs of all vertebrae extending from L5 - C2, 3-4 segments above the origin
bilateral: extension of vertebral column (trunk & neck); unilateral: rotate vertebral bodies (column) to opposite side; control lateral flexion to side opposite contraction (eccentric for stability)
transverse processes of C3-L5 (most developed in thoracic spine)
spinous process (base) & lamina 1-2 segments above origin
rotation to opposite side, bilateral extension; stabilize vertebra & are involved as organs of proprioception (position sense of the spine due to the large number of sensory nerve fibers in these tiny muscles)
elevation of pelvis; lateral flexion of trunk; depression of 12th rib
lumbar plexus (T12-L3)
interspinalis
SP of vertebrae
SP of vertebrae above
extension of neck & trunk
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
intertransversarii
TP of vertebrae
TP of vertebrae above
lateral flexion of neck & trunk
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
levator costarum
TPs C7-T11 (posterior lateral tip)
ribs 1-12 (below the TP)
elevation of ribs (inspiration)
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
(c)Dr. Nikita Vizniak. All Rights ReservedIn order to use these tables as a learning tool, you will need to have JavaScript enabled.
These muscle tables are often slightly different than those found in the muscle manual and other texts to allow students learning to realize there are subtle differences in anatomical variation and nomenclature ultimate allowing you to be more aware of real life presentation – after 15 years and over 400 cadaver dissections this author is always amazed at the differences found in the human body every time we are in the cadaver lab – all text books and videos are only accurate to a point!